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Sherut Avir
The Sherut Avir ((ヘブライ語:שרות אויר), ''Air Service'') was the air force of the Haganah and the forerunner of the Israeli Air Force.
==Founding==
The Sherut Avir was founded on 10 November 1947, just two weeks prior to the passing of the 1947 UN Partition Plan on 29 November which proposed the division of Palestine into a Jewish state and an Arab state.〔(1948: The War of Independence, The Jewish Virtual Library )〕
It was at this time that Haganah leaders brought the Palmach's air branch, the Palavir out of hiding, recognizing the need for an air arm if a Jewish State was established. However, the Sherut Avir would have to be built from scratch. Because of this, its initial strength in comparison with some neighboring air forces, especially Egypt, was quite insignificant. By the time of Israel's declaration of statehood in May 1948, the Sherut Avir had only 25 aircraft. Most of them had come from Aviron, the first Jewish airline in Palestine established in 1936. While Aviron itself was not part of the Haganah, they had worked closely together in liaison, reconnaissance, and medical missions. Between late-1947 and mid-1948, as tensions mounted before the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, Aviron transferred all of its aircraft to the fledgling air force.〔(Israel's Aviation History, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics )〕〔("Aviron" is founded, Israeli Air Force Official Website )〕
The second problem faced by the Sherut Avir was a lack of trained airmen and ground crew. Only a handful of mechanics, engineers, pilots, former-RAF servicemen, and Histadrut personnel filled the initial ranks.〔101-2 Senior.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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